Robby Gamble Essays - Automation, Factory, Free Essays, Term Papers

Robby Gamble Essays - Automation, Factory, Free Essays, Term Papers Robby Gamble Professor Kelly EH1102-024 9 March, 2017 Is a Robotic Takeover Upon U s? Would you believe me if I told you in the near future 70 percent of the occupations American youth are aspiring to fill will be replaced by automation? As outlandish as this claim may sound, history has proven it to be true. In the early 19 th century the majority of the American workforce was centered around farms . As time progressed and the Industrial Revolution came along, a plethora of new jobs were generated in factories, and based around the machinery produced in theses factories. Thus , many Americans left their jobs on farms and flocked to factories . "Today automation has eliminated all but 1 percent of [farmer's] jobs, replacing them, (and their work animals) with machines (Kelly 299)." This concept is the premise of what Kevin Kelly, an author, founding member, and senior maverick at Wired , discusses in his article "Better than Human: Why Robots Will-and Must- Take Our Jobs". Kelly believes that an automation takeover is unavoi dable, and through this takeover , humans will be further advanced as a species. While I do believe Kelly ' s argument holds truth and validity, I do no t necessarily believe this takeover will be completely beneficial to the human race, the time period in which this takeover supposedly will happen is up for debate . Kelly begins his article by discussing the various methods by which automation and artificial intelligence has and is already being integrated into the American work force. He gives an example of an AI name d B axter. There are three things that separate Baxter from different forms of automation; Baxter has eyes, so he can sense his surroundings making him less hazardous than other machinery; Baxter can be easily programmed, so it does not take a higher level of education to program him , it does not take long to program him , and he will consistently preform whatever task he is assigned; a nd finally, Baxter is less costly than AI that is similar to him . As Kelly moves forward in his argument, he shifts his focus from different forms of automation to the actual relationship humans have with automation. Kelly uses a visual aid to convey the human robotic relationship. His visual aid can be broken down into four quadrants: Jobs today that humans do-but machines will eventually do better, Current jobs that humans can't do but machines can, Robots jobs that we can't even imagine yet, and Jobs that only huma ns will be able to do- at first. His visual aid serves as an excellent method to explain his idea that robots will take over the jobs we currently have, and they will force us to create new jobs. This continuous cycle will allow humans to focus on art, music, and other creative outlets that define the essence of being human. Finally, Kelly closes his argument by giving his readers something similar to the five stages of grief, but it is seven stages long and focus on accepting robots replacing humans in the workplace. While I do support Kelly's claims I do not do so whole heartedly. Kelly fails to i nclude the fact that people from every day citizens to the president of the United States are already arguing that jobs are being shipped across seas and taken over by robots. With that being said, I do not believe it will be easy to further integrate artificial intelligence into the workplace on a large scale swiftly. I truly believe that survival is something that comes natura l l y to humans, so its unlike ly that robots have the potential to wipe humans off the face of the planet, however I do question the human ability to maintain a high level of creativity and innovation. Kelly is very optimistic about this cycle of creation; however, it is hard to determine how long originality will last. An example is found in modern music. Major artists, such as Kanye West, are guilty of sampling music created in previous generations to create new music. While some may argue that looking to the past for inspiration

Discover More About Marine Reptiles

Discover More About Marine Reptiles Class Reptilia is the group of animals known as the reptiles. These are a diverse group of animals that are cold-blooded and have (or had) scales. They are vertebrates, which puts them in the same phylum as humans, dogs, cats, fish and many other animals. There are over 6,000 species of reptiles. They are also found in the sea, and referred to as marine reptiles.   The Class Reptilia, or reptiles, traditionally included a diverse group of animals: turtles, snakes, lizards and crocodiles, alligators, and caimans. Many scientists believe that birds also belong in this class. Characteristics of Reptiles Animals in the Class Reptilia: Are ectotherms (commonly called cold-blooded). These animals need to warm themselves up using external heat (e.g., the sun).Mostly bear their young in eggs, which are protected by an amniotic membrane (so reptiles are referred to as amniotes).Have scales, or did have at some point in their evolutionary history.Breathe using lungs rather than gills. Thus, reptiles in the ocean may be able to hold their breath to go underwater, but eventually need to go to the surface to breathe.Have a three- or four-chambered heart. Classifying Reptiles and Marine Reptiles Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: Reptilia Marine reptiles are divided into several orders: Testudines: Turtles. Sea turtles are an example of turtles that live in the marine environment.Squamata: Snakes.   Marine examples are sea snakes.Sauria: Lizards. An example is the marine iguana. In some classification systems. lizards are included in the Order Squamata.Crocodylia: Crocodiles. A marine example is the saltwater crocodile. The above list is from the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). Habitat and Distribution Reptiles live in a wide range of habitats. Although they can thrive in harsh habitats like the desert, they are not found in cooler areas like  Antarctica, because they need to rely on external heat to keep warm. Sea Turtles Sea turtles are found in oceans worldwide. They nest on subtropical and tropical beaches. The leatherback turtle is the species that can go in cold waters, such as off Canada. These amazing reptiles have adaptations  that allow them to live in colder water than other turtles, including the ability to shunt blood away from their flippers to keep their core body temperature warmer. However, if sea turtles are in cold waters too long (such as when juveniles dont migrate south quickly enough in the winter), they might become cold-stunned.   Sea Snakes Sea snakes include two groups: laticaudid sea snakes, which spend some time on land, and hydrophiid snakes, which live wholly at sea.   Sea snakes are all venomous, but they rarely bite humans.   They all live in the Pacific Ocean (Indo-Pacific and eastern tropical Pacific regions). Marine Iguanas The marine iguana, which lives in the Galapagos Islands, is the only marine lizard. These animals live on the shore and feed by diving in the water to eat algae. Crocodiles In the U.S., the American crocodile often enters saltwater. These animals are found from southern Florida to northern South America and can be found on islands, where they swim or are pushed by hurricane activity. One crocodile, nicknamed Cletus, swam out to the Dry Tortugas (70 miles off Key West) in 2003. American crocodiles tend to be more timid than American alligators and the saltwater crocodiles, which are found in the Indo-Australian region from Asia to Australia. Most reptiles give birth by laying eggs.   Some snakes and lizards can give birth to live young.   In the world of marine reptiles, sea turtles, iguanas and crocodiles lay eggs while most sea snakes give birth to live young, who are born underwater and must swim immediately to the surface to breathe. Marine Reptiles Reptiles that can live at least part of their lives in the marine environment include sea turtles, crocodiles  and some lizards. References and Further Information Galapagos Conservancy. Iguanas and Lizards.  Accessed October 30, 2015.IUCN. 2010. Sea Snakes Fact Sheet. Accessed October 30, 2015.Morrissey, J.F. and J.L. Sumich. 2012. Introduction to the Biology of Marine Life. Jones Bartlett Learning. 466pp.